Vimal Kothiyal , A. K Khanduri , V. K. Jain

Abstract

Strength properties of 12 clones of 10' years old Populus deltoides from single trees obtained from Haldwani (Uttaranchal), India are reported. The preliminary results on strength properties for screening the clones for timber indicated that at Haldwani, clone number 290/84 has the highest specific gravity and strength properties. Clone number 75/84 has the lowest values among all the 12 clones tested.

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V. Kothiyal , R. Bhandari , V. K. Jain

Abstract

Many wood species have been planted under social forestry/agroforestry programmes in the country in the last few years with a view mainly to increase green cover and meet the local needs for timber, fodder and food etc. However available scientific data on the utilization aspects of harvested timber appears to have remained in the back seat while selecting timber species for plantation. This resulted in production of timbers which were either marginally suitable for utilisation of various wood products or required development of the suitable processing technology before being put to use. This paper focuses on the need for adopting a holistic approach while choosing timber species for plantation on the basis of scientific input from various angles. Natural durability and treatibility (ease of treatment with preservative) is the foremost requirement for utilization of solid timber for any given end use such as in agricultural implements, furniture, rural housing and construction etc. The second requirement is the physical and mechanical properties of timbers, which ultimately determine its suitability for the desired end use/industrial application. The timbers with multi-utility can be given tbe next importance. Plantation timber species have been grouped based on the above parameters, It is suggested that these requirements coupled with growth paratpeters in different agro climatic zones may be used for prioritizing the species for plantation. It is suggested that the species placed in the higher group may be given preference to that in the lower groups for maximum benefit to the society.

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V. K. Jain , A. K. Khanduri

Abstract

The physical and mechanical properties data of six poplar clones from trial plantations grown at Haldwani (Uttaranchal) based on testing of small clear specimens are reported and discussed. The clones S7 C4 and G3 have given the highest and the lowest specific gravity of 0.418 and 0.362. respectively. This trend is also reflected in most of the strength properties. Clone G 48 has the highest growth rate and most of the nail and screw withdrawal resistance values are also higher than other clones among the different clones of Populus deltoids reported in this paper.

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S. P. Singh , Sachin Gupta , V. K. Jain

Abstract

Keeping in view the need for substitutes of conventional timbers like sissoo, teak, rosewood, sandalwood and walnut, the carving behaviour of eleven Indian timbers were studied systematically under four main carving operations, viz., chiseling, scooping, punching and fret sawing. On the basis of ease of working, occurrence of defects, cleanness of cutting edges, quality of carved surface etc., a quantitative method for comparing the overall carving behaviour with teak is developed and suggested. The results presented indicate that Acer oblongum (Maple), Michelia champaca (Champ), Himalayan species, Cupressus torulosa (Cypress) behave better than teak while Terminalia procera (Badam), Adina cardifolia (Haldu) and Olea glandulifera (Indian olive) behave comparable to teak.

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V. K. Jain , S. N. Sanyal

Abstract

Microwaves are electromegnatic waves. The speed and attenuation of which depend on the medium in which they are propapted.This paper report on the attenuation of these by few indian Wood-species. The result have shown that the attenuation constant is linearly related to the specitic gravity of wood for specific gravity below 0.5 and is practically independent for specitic gravity range above 0.5. This trend offer a non-destructive method for detecting defecte like decayed portion of knot etc. inside the wood.

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V. K. Jain , K. L. Arora , A. K. Sharma

Abstract

'Movement' is the term applied to shrinkage or swelling of seasoned wood in service due to fluctuations in atmospheric conditions. In this paper experimentally determined movement values of 6 Indian species between 32 and 93 per cent R.H. are reported. Amongst the limited number of species studied, teak showed the smallest movement value whereas Eucalyptus showed the largest movement value.

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V. K. Jain

Abstract

Wood possesses both elastic and plastic propertirs. Highly crystalline regions in an isolated state would have elastic properties. Amorphous lignin would have plastic properties. But there are no isolated elements in wood-tissue. In wood, elastic and plastic regions are interwined and are attributable to different anaromical elements and chemical constituents of the cell-wall. The results have indicated the presence of plastic part of the strain even at very low applied loads, viz. 5% of the elastic limit load. It stays constant upto 30%, increases at 40% and then again stays constant upto 90% of the load required at elastic limit. It was further shown that the elastic-plastic material like wood starts behaving as an elastic one on repeated loadingdeIoading cycles, within the elastic limit.

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V. K. Jain , C. N. Pandey , K. L. Arora

Abstract

The indigenous woods for weft-pirn making have been selected on the basis of available physical, mechanical and wood-working properties. In this report, physical, mechanical and wood-working properties of Eucalyptus hybrid are compared with those of the timbers given in IS: 4417-1967. Data on actual manufacturing trial indicated that Eucalyptus can be utilised for weft-pirn making. Weft-pirns made from Eucalyptus from two different sources appeared comparable with those made from white-cedar and resistance to moisture was within permissible limits. Sawing and seasoning technique for Eucalyptus wood are also discussed.

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